Radio-Frequency and Microwave Communication Circuits: Analysis and Design
Devendra K. Misra
Copyright⑥ 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISBNs: 0-471-41253-8 (Hardback); 0-471-22435-9 (Electronic)
2
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Modern communication systems require radio frequency and microwave signals for
the wireless transmission of information. These systems employ oscillators, mixers,
filters, and amplifiers to generate and process various kinds of signals. The
transmitter communicates with the receiver via antennas placed on each side.
Electrical noise associated with the systems and the channel affects the performance.
A system designer needs to know about the channel characteristics and system noise
in order to estimate the required power levels. This chapter begins with an overview
of microwave communication systems and the radio frequency wireless services to
illustrate the applications of circuits and devices that are described in the following
chapters. It also gives an idea to the reader about the placement of different building
blocks in a given system.
A short discussion on antennas is included to help in understanding the signal
behavior when it propagates from transmitter to receiver. The Friis transmission
formula and the radar range equation are important in order to understand effects of
frequency, range, and operating power levels on the performance of a communica-
tion system. Note that radar concepts now find many other applications, such as
proximity or level sensing in an industrial environment. Therefore, a brief discussion
on Doppler radar is also included in this chapter. Noise and distortion characteristics de212
play a significant role in analysis and design of these systems. Minimum detectable de205
signal (MDS), gain compression, intercept-point, and the dynamic range of an
amplifier (or the receiver) are subsequently introduced. Other concepts associated
with noise and distortion characteristics are also introduced in this chapter.
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